Decree on Surveying, Aerial Photography, and Map Production
关于测量勘测、航空摄影与地图制作的法令
ດຳລັດ ວ່າດ້ວຍການສຳຫຼວດວັດແທກ, ຖ່າຍພາບທາງອາກາດ ແລະ ສ້າງແຜນທີ່
Summary
This Decree stipulates principles, regulations, and measures for surveying, aerial photography, and map-making activities within the Lao PDR, specifying unified state management, database and coordinate systems, business operation licenses, management and supervision agencies at all levels, and penalties for violations.
Articles
Article 1
Purpose. This Decree stipulates principles, regulations, and measures concerning activities, management, monitoring, and inspection of surveying, aerial photography, and map production, in order to ensure that the aforementioned work is carried out correctly and in compliance with the law, strengthen state administrative management, promote the application of modern science and technology to the aforementioned work, achieve high efficiency, and form a unified system nationwide, aiming to serve socio-economic development, national defense, public security maintenance, and the protection of the natural environment.
Article 2
Surveying, Aerial Photography, and Map Making. Surveying is a science in the field of geodesy and cartography, involving the study and collection of detailed data on the Earth's surface through measurement and calculation based on coordinate data systems, to produce various types of drawings and maps, conduct operations, research, and explore the shape and size of the Earth. Aerial photography refers to the recording of Earth's surface data through aircraft or satellites to produce drawings, maps, and image maps at various scales. Map making is a technical process that includes the collection and compilation of data, design, drafting, decoration, and printing of maps.
Article 3
**Definitions.** The terms used in this Decree-Law shall have the following meanings:
1. Map means a representation of the shape of the Earth's surface and various objects on the ground, depicted using a system of symbols, scale, and coordinate calculations;
2. Plane coordinate reference data system means a reference system associated with the Earth's reference figure, used to represent and determine the position of points on the Earth's surface, with their locations identified by latitude and longitude;
3. Elevation coordinate reference data system means a reference system using mean sea level as a datum to determine the elevation of specified points on the Earth's surface;
4. Topographic map means a representation on a plane, using a system of symbols, scale, and a specific coordinate system, showing the shape of the ground, elevations, village locations, rivers, transportation networks, natural features, and details of various structures;
5. Thematic map means a map representing the characteristics of a specific specialized field, for example: administrative division maps, physical geography maps, socio-economic maps, forestry maps, transportation network maps, geological maps, land use maps, water resource maps, tourism maps, and other maps;
6. Digital system map means a map representing the shape of the ground, natural and social details using codes and a coordinate system;
7. Geographic information system means an information system that collects, stores, and systematically analyzes data from various sources using electronic systems, enabling data retrieval and updating;
8. Map scale means the ratio between a distance on the map and the corresponding distance on the ground, calculated as: Scale = Numerator / Denominator, where the numerator is 1, representing one unit of measurement on the map; the denominator represents the corresponding distance on the ground. The classification of map scales in the Lao People's Democratic Republic is as follows:
- Large scale refers to maps with a denominator of 10,000 or less, such as: 1:10,000, 1:5,000, 1:200...;
- Medium scale refers to maps with a denominator greater than 10,000 up to 250,000;
- Small scale refers to maps with a denominator greater than 250,000.
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