Agreement on Management Regulations for Sand, Gravel, and Silt Extraction in the Mekong River and Rivers of the Lao People's Democratic Republic (Amended)
关于在老挝人民民主共和国湄公河及各河流采挖砂砾、砂和淤泥之管理规定的协议（修订版）
ຂໍ້ຕົກລົງ ວ່າດ້ວຍລະບຽບການກ່ຽວກັບການຂຸດຄົ້ນ ຫີນແຮ່, ຊາຍ ແລະ ດິນດຳ ຕາມແມ່ນ້ຳຂອງ ແລະ ແມ່ນ້ຳຕ່າງໆ ຢູ່ ສປປ ລາວ (ສະບັບປັບປຸງ)
Summary
This decree, being Government Decree No. 66/LB of Laos, stipulates the principles, regulations, and measures for the management, supervision, inspection, allocation, and use of radio frequencies, covering national frequency planning, frequency band allocation, various types of frequency use permits, usage fees, rights and obligations, interference handling, dispute resolution, management and inspection agencies, and measures for handling violators.
Articles
Article 1
Purpose. This Agreement is established to manage the use of water resources, by determining principles, regulations, and measures for the extraction of gravel, sand, and silt, in order to mitigate impacts on riverbanks, waterways, (river) structural systems, and ecosystems (involving the Mekong River and various rivers), while ensuring that operators fulfill their obligations in accordance with laws and regulations, and that the aforementioned resources are not depleted.
Article 2
Definitions of Terms. The meanings of the terms in this regulation are as follows:
1. River structure system: refers to all constituent elements within a river, including the ecosystem, such as: riverbanks, riverbeds, river beaches, islands, the natural flow direction of the water, water levels (deep, shallow), water flow velocity (fast, slow), and various animals inhabiting the river or riverbanks.
2. Gravel, sand, and silt extraction activities: refers to the work of extracting the aforementioned natural resources from the Mekong River and various rivers for use as construction materials, the implementation stages of which include planning, surveying to determine the location or extent of the resource site, testing and analyzing gravel, sand, and silt to ascertain the mixing ratio of other minerals, environmental impact assessment, extraction permits, implementation of extraction operations, transportation, storage, and sale.
3. Gravel, sand, and silt extraction: refers to the act of digging, scooping, or dredging gravel, sand, and silt from riverbeds and along river channels where gravel, sand, and silt resources are present, using tools such as: loaders, excavators, suction dredgers, vessels equipped with pumping machinery, etc.
4. Gravel: refers to particles naturally formed in rivers, with a particle size of 2.01–80 mm, mixed and scattered with sand.
5. Sand: refers to particles formed by the accumulation of sediment transported from one place to another within a river, with a particle size of 0.06–2.0 mm.
6. Silt: refers to soil formed by natural sedimentation, scattered along various riverbanks.
7. Extraction point or extraction area scope: refers to the location or area scope of gravel, sand, and silt in the Mekong River and various rivers, which has been surveyed, tested, and analyzed to ascertain the mixing ratio of other minerals, and has undergone an environmental impact assessment, determining that there is no significant impact on the environment, and an extraction permit may be issued to the applicant for extraction in accordance with regulations.
8. Gravel, sand, and silt extraction operator: refers to a legal entity that has been granted technical permission by the public works and transport department to extract gravel, sand, and silt from the Mekong River and various rivers in accordance with relevant laws and regulations.
9. Environment: refers to all living and non-living things, whether naturally formed or man-made, surrounding a given object, such as: humans, animals, plants, etc., which are interconnected and exert positive and negative influences on each other, relating to the survival, stability, and development of humanity and nature.
10. Impact: refers to damage caused by natural or human actions to the value of natural resources and environmental conditions, such as that arising from gravel, sand, and silt extraction activities and development, i.e., various activities conducted in the Mekong River and various rivers.
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